Information Systems in Healthcare

As an integral part of the health care sector, information systems play a significant role in complications prevention. Precisely speaking, such procedures as patient monitoring, diagnosis coding, and electronic health record should be utilized to enhance the health care delivery among the marked patients. In order to achieve the visibility of information, it seems essential to apply the table format.

	Patient monitoring	Diagnosis coding	Electronic Health Record (EHR)
Brief description of the procedure	This procedure supposes the utilization of automated information systems with built-in functions of biomedical monitoring, the focal purpose of which aims at early diagnostics of complications and conduction of dynamic monitoring of the treatment process.	The coding scheme assumes that each respiratory complication would be recorded according to the predefined rules. The formalization of information encoding provides great success and advantages to the health care sector.	EHR is a set of data regarding the health status of the patient and assigned treatment that can be stored and processed electronically (Murphy, Thomas, Meyer, & Singh, 2015).
Aligned law or ethical statement	The American Registry of Radiologic Technologies (ARRT) standards of ethics guarantees concise and appropriate monitoring in the market sector (Adler, & Carlton, 2012).	The International Classification of Primary Care (ICPC) is a classification of approximately 800 diseases that are also partially included in ICD-9 (Shortliffe & Perreault, 2008). This law contributes to the appropriate structuring and coordinating of diagnosis.	The security of information and subsequent health care service improvement become the two paramount ethical issues (Harman, Flite, & Bond, 2012). It is the integral right of patients to keep their information. For instance, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) obliges to keep confidentiality and security of patients’ personal information.
Changes to be made	Patient monitoring should check ventilator settings and modes in patients to ensure safe practice. There also should be monitoring of patients’ physiological parameters such as blood pressure and other blood indicators. The following procedures should be conducted as well: oxygenation, pulmonary ventilation, and electrocardiography (ECG) (Kalinowski & Wagner, n.d.). Moreover, such control devices as equipment as endotracheal tubes and laryngoscopes should be accessible. All in all, the evidence shows that the implementation of these IT systems in medicine improves not only the efficiency of the medical staff but also the quality of services provided to patients meeting the increased needs of the population and reducing time spent on patient treatment.	In order to describe the data, the information system based on classification should be associated with each respiratory disease, and the corresponding letter and number, for instance, pneumonia, is identified as R81. It would help to prevent confusion and complications. Perhaps, the key development factors in this process are the improvement of the computer literacy of caregivers, availability of growth for their hardware and software, harmonization and standardization of primary data, and methods of transmission and processing. It will allow providing a single entry and multiple-use providing the possibility of accommodation and processing in the remote data center (cloud architecture) as well as instant data available to physicians and patients.	To provide respiratory support, it is essential to control the level of conscious sedation with the help of EHR. Besides preventing the respiratory complications in the mentioned patients, the EHR should contain information about contraindications to the use of different types of treatment for the individual patient and the list of drug intolerance (Sittig & Singh, 2011). In addition, EHR should compare the entered information from medical and economic standards resulting in the minimization of the medical errors.

References

Adler, A. M., & Carlton, R. R. (2012). Introduction to radiologic & imaging sciences & patient care (6th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.

Harman, L. B., Flite, C. A., & Bond, K. (2012). Electronic Health Records: Privacy, Confidentiality, and Security. AMA Journal of Ethics, 14(9), 712-719.

Kalinowski, M. & Wagner, H. (n.d.). Sedation and pain management in interventional radiology. Web.

Murphy, D. R., Thomas, E. J., Meyer, A. N., & Singh, H. (2015). Development and Validation of Electronic Health Record–based Triggers to Detect Delays in Follow-up of Abnormal Lung Imaging Findings. Radiology, 277(1), 81-87.

Sittig, D. F., & Singh, H. (2011). Legal, Ethical, and Financial Dilemmas in Electronic Health Record Adoption and Use. Pediatrics, 127(4).

Shortliffe, E. H., & Perreault, L. E. (2008). Medical informatics: Computer applications in health care and biomedicine. New York, NY: Springer.