Introduction
Nursing is a process which involves several phases which include:
- Assessment
- Diagnosis
- Planning stage
- Implementation stage
- Evaluation
Inadequate capital, increment in disease transfer rates and the discovery of new medical treatment methods highly demands the use of established policies in order to improve population health. Making decision on issues relating to public health is a hectic process as it involves too many stakeholders, majority being the community. Complications arise due to lack of knowledge in dealing with health, poverty and cultural barriers, which tend to inhibit community health improvements. Most health facilities hardly train the community on health hygiene which plays a critical role in disseminating health services. Nurses should learn to push for the formulation of polices established after the study. This does not only improve the health status of the community, but also improves the working conditions of the nurses. Nursing is a process which goal-oriented methodology of caring services delivery and it involves a certain protocol (Brownson, Fielding, & Maylahn, 2009).
Assessment
- What data should be collected?
- What methods should be used?
This is the initial stage where a nurse evaluates the community and later identifying major problems facing it. It involves collection of subjective data as well as objective data among other data collection processes. Assessment lay a foundation for the diagnosis of common problems in tha community. This phase ensures that it has identified the involved risk, and possible solutions for countering the risk. These methods involved include; patient interview, physical examination, family history and observation, just to name a few. In this study, a Windshield Survey of Kiryas Joel Community, New York was conducted so as assess the health situation of the community (Kohatsu,Robinson, & Torner, 2004).
Diagnostic
The problem is identified in this phase. It answers the question “ what is the main health hazard ?” In this study, poor family planning methods and low quality health services were identified.
This represents the judgment obtained after assessment is carried out. The accuracy of determination depends on the data collected and the ability of a nurse to carry out diagnoses. Related factors such as family history are significant in the diagnosis of a problem. According to the data collected from the survey, major problems in this community include poor health services and inadequate family planning awareness among others. Family planning is very vital in the management of public health. The large the family, the more likely the community is likely to suffer from various communicable diseases, as a result of crowding. This is evident in this particular community by the existence of large families among the community who live together in various family units. Feeding a large family with a balanced diet is quite hard, especially when poverty hovers around the community (Lundy, & Janes, 2009).
Planning phase
This dictates how the problem can be managed. It gives various ways in which the identified problem can be countered effectively.
The patients’ word is essential at this stage of nursing process. Problems identified in the diagnosis stage are addressed here. If there are multiple issues to be addressed, the nurse gives priority to the problems which demand a first response. With respect to the data obtained and diagnostics done in the community, it is fundamental to create awareness among the community in efforts to curb the growth rate of population. Most of the people in this community are religious and hence one can assume that they appreciate not scientific family planning methods. Due to its sensitivity, all religious leaders should be enrolled in public health learning programs so as to merge their version of religion with scientific facts. This can be a milestone achievement as a result of their influence among the community. Most religious leaders are often considered as the trusted in the society. As such, involving them in such programs can be very helpful as they can easily influence the community to embrace family planning methods. During these programs, leaders can be taught on the importance of family planning and the negative effects of very large families, especially when one considers their economic status (Lundy, & Janes, 2009).
Implementation phase
This stage involves the actual implementation of the problem identified. At this stage, decision is made on options provided by the planning stage.
When it comes to the question of health services, congestion plays a significant role in deteriorating the physical environment. It was found out that the community had only three health facilities where one was privately managed and obviously expensive. It was also found that only two schools were found in the region. This studies shows that the region has insufficient to quality health facilities. In this community, an outbreak can negatively impact on the community at large. In order to counter such problem in the educational nursing process, it is fundamental to ensure that health services access is improved. As such, strategically positioned mobile clinic plays an important role in improving services delivery to the community. Public health facilities should push for more medical equipment and staffs so as to meet the demand of the community.
Evaluation
This is the final stage. It takes into account each and every decision made during the planning process. It also involves the monitoring of events. Evaluation determines how successful the plan was.
After planning and implementation plan, it is fundamental to ensure follow up. This enables those involved to determine if the program undertaking was effective. In this case, high population growth is often associated with high infant mortality. This is because the families tend to increase the chances of survival by raising large number of families. On the other hand, if there is low infant death rate, parents are usually confident with the number of children opted for. On the other hand, service delivery can be evaluated by determining the number of people accessing the health services.
Conclusion
The patients’ word is essential at this stage of nursing process. Problems identified in the diagnosis stage are addressed here. If there are multiple issues to be addressed, the nurse gives priority to the problems which demand a first response. With respect to the data obtained and diagnostics done in the community, it is fundamental to create awareness among the community in efforts to curb the growth rate of population. Most of the people in this community are religious and hence one can assume that they appreciate not scientific family planning methods. Due to its sensitivity, all religious leaders should be enrolled in public health learning programs so as to merge their version of religion with scientific facts. This can be a milestone achievement as a result of their influence among the community. Most religious leaders are often considered as the trusted in the society. As such, involving them in such programs can be very helpful as they can easily influence the community to embrace family planning methods. During these programs, leaders can be taught on the importance of family planning and the negative effects of very large families, especially when one considers their economic status.
When it comes to the question of health services, congestion plays a significant role in deteriorating the physical environment. It was found out that the community had only three health facilities where one was privately managed and obviously expensive. It was also found that only two schools were found in the region. This studies shows that the region has insufficient to quality health facilities. In this community, an outbreak can negatively impact on the community at large. In order to counter such problem in the educational nursing process, it is fundamental to ensure that health services access is improved. As such, strategically positioned mobile clinic plays an important role in improving services delivery to the community. Public health facilities should push for more medical equipment and staffs so as to meet the demand of the community.
References
Brownson, R.C., Fielding, J.E., & Maylahn, C.M. (2009). Evidence-based public health: a fundamental concept for public health practice. Annual Review of Public Health, 30,175-201.
Kohatsu, N.D., Robinson, J.G., & Torner, J.C. (2004). Evidence-based public health: an evolving concept. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 27(5), 417-421.
Lundy, K., & Janes, S. (2009). Community Health Nursing, Caring for the Public’s Health (2nd ed.). Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett.