Introduction
Diabetes care plan development largely depends on the needs of people in the community (DeBoer, 2013). Therefore, the nursing profession should be skilled in collecting and analyzing patient data to identify the highly risky groups of populations and create a general prevention strategy. The following paper will provide the results of the questionnaire designed during the first week and discuss how the acquired results will affect the direct care plan development.
Person Identification
S.D. is a Hispanic female of 55 years old with a strong family history of Hyperlipidemia and a 5-year history of controlled diabetes. Her mother and father died of a stroke. In addition, S.D.’s father suffered from CVD and his mother had hypertension, type 2 Diabetes Miletus, and obesity. S.D. is a heavy smoker. She uses over a pack of cigarettes a day. She does not have sufficient physical activity and has harmful eating habits.
The person is subjected to a high risk of Hyperlipidemia and diabetes due to genetic inheritance. According to Liu, Wu, Shi, Guo, Ying, and Xu (2014), the genetic risk of Hyperlipidemia and diabetes development in case a patient has a family history of this disease is high because, in recent years, scientists have proved that candidate genes are related to Hyperlipidemia and diabetes phenotype. Genetics is linked to other epidemiological risk factors for disease development including inadequate physical activity, smoking, and a diet that does not take into account the possible genetic health risks (Barker, 2015; Mateo-Gallego et al., 2014).
S.D. is in the risk group of patients who may develop uncontrolled Diabetes Miletus type 2. Her HgbA1C lab values are getting near to the uncontrolled diabetes borderline (Huffman, Vaccaro, Exebio, Zarini, Katz, & Dixon, 2012).
Questionnaire Replies Analysis
S.D. replies analysis has suggested that she is in the risk group for the development of uncontrolled diabetes. She does not have sufficient physical activity daily. The respondent watches over 3 hours of TV each day but she does not spend over 30 minutes a day next to the computer. S.D. has harmful eating habits: she eats fast food and junk food daily and has many high-fat and high-sugar meals in her daily diet. Due to the quite low income, S.D. is not able to afford to consume enough vegetables and fruits. She also has no habit to drink enough water daily but she prefers the high-sugar drinks instead. S.D. mother had the history of type 2 Diabetes Miletus. The respondent has the moderate obesity of the android type, her BMI is exceeded for over 20 %. She has frequent mood swings and admits gradual loss of vitality with each year. In the personal discussion, S.D. has shared her concerns that she has no full access to the screening services she needs to control her lab results because her health insurance does not provide the full coverage and her income is not enough to cover the expenses.
The Data Obtained from the Family and Friends
Analysis of the data provided by S.D.’s family and friends indicated that they face similar circumstances as the respondent herself. Their major problems are the lack of facilities in the community for the sports activity; lack of market areas to buy fruits and vegetables at the reasonable price; and high crime rate in the community preventing people from socializing and spending time outdoors (Fayers & Machin, 2013). Other problems these interviewees have specified are the health disparities in the community due to the social and economic reasons. They have stated that the vulnerable categories are the Latin Americans and other minority groups. Some of the people have the minimal access to the healthcare because they continue to resolve their issues with the migration agency to legitimate their presence in the U.S. and thus cannot rely on the benefits provided by the Medicare Act.
The Implications of Findings to Care Plan Development
Analysis of the data obtained through the questionnaire demonstrated the presence of the health disparities in the community. The social determinants observed are the ethnic and economic status. Due to the limitations imposed by the two factors, people have poor access to the quality care and disease prevention help. Community people also need to be educated in terms of leading the healthy lifestyle (DeBoer, 2013). A special focus on the smoking cessation and unhealthy eating habits alteration is essential during the care plan development.
Conclusion
In conclusion, diabetes direct care plan for the people in the community should be based on the data obtained during the screening and evaluation procedures. The application of the questionnaire designed during the week 1 to the person with the five-year history of controlled diabetes identified that the target areas that need to be addressed in the care plan. These are the importance of the healthy lifestyle, elimination of the health disparities barriers in the community, and elaboration of systematic control strategy for the people who are in the group with the high diabetes development risks.
References
Barker, A. M. (2015). Advanced practice nursing. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Publisher
DeBoer, M. D. (2013). Obesity, systemic inflammation, and increased risk for cardiovascular disease and diabetes among adolescents: A need for screening tools to target interventions. Nutrition, 29(2), 379-86.
Fayers, P., & Machin, D. (2013). Quality of life: the assessment, analysis and interpretation of patient-reported outcomes. Burlington, MA: John Wiley & Sons.
Huffman, F. G., Vaccaro, J. A., Exebio, J. C., Zarini, G. G., Katz, T., & Dixon, Z. (2012). Television watching, diet quality, and physical activity and diabetes among three ethnicities in the United States. Journal of Environmental and Public Health.
Liu, Y., Wu, J., Shi, Q., Guo, H., Ying, H., & Xu, N. (2014). Primary genetic investigation of a hyperlipidemia model: Molecular characteristics and variants of the apolipoprotein E gene in Mongolian gerbil. BioMed Research International.Â
Mateo-Gallego, R., Perez-Calahorra, S., Cofán, M., Baila-Rueda, L., Cenarro, A., Ros, E., & Civeira, F. (2014). Serum lipid responses to weight loss differ between overweight adults with familial hypercholesterolemia and those with familial combined hyperlipidemia. The Journal Of Nutrition, 144(8), 1219-1226.