Introduction
Over the past twenty years, the prevalence of diabetes has climbed dramatically. Additionally to the USA, there are Middle Eastern and Northern African nations (Al Busaidi et al., 2019). The prevalence of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is rising worldwide. More than 100 million Americans have been diagnosed with diabetes or pre-diabetes, according to the CDC (2018). The issues of interventional programs and how other regions of the world deal with this issue will be covered in this executive summary.
Executive Summary
Proposed Change
Globally, the rising prevalence of T2DM significantly affects adult life expectancy and young. Over 10% of people over 18 in the US have been diagnosed with diabetes (CDC, 2018). Although education and prevention have made significant progress over the past ten years, around one-third of the population still has diabetes or pre-diabetes and is unaware of it (CDC, 2018). The suggested adjustment aims to lessen the burden and raise the standard of living for T2DM sufferers. The US can lower its rates of T2DM by using better education, early identification, and technological developments.
Desired Outcomes
Reducing T2DM is the desired result for the future decades. T2DM is identified by an A1C level of 6.4% or higher in two independent blood draws, while the pre-diabetic range is between 5.7% and 6.3% (ADA, 2018 ). Uncontrolled T2DM patients have an increased risk of developing heart disease, hypertension, vascular insufficiency, and renal disease (ADA, 2018). Preventing excessive cardiovascular morbidity and death linked to T2DM is the primary objective for someone with it.
Despite numerous obstacles to effective T2DM outcomes, therapy and treatments may appear straightforward. Patient motivation, self-management, and insurance coverage of supplies and drugs are critical problems. In order to provide effective diabetes care, patients must be motivated to start making the required alterations to their lifestyles. Patients who are proactive in managing their diabetes and vigilant about self-monitoring display a consistent drop in A1C (Podulka, 2022). The bulk of the population with diabetes is severely burdened by the cost of providing their treatment and supplies. Several insurance companies have increased their coverage of diabetes supplies to improve the efficacy of therapies and lower the role of medical costs as a barrier to care (Podulka, 2022).
Health Care System Comparative Analysis
Over the past 20 years, type 2 diabetes has become more common in Middle Eastern and North African nations. Studies have shown that the main issue affecting this demographic is the rising prevalence of obesity. According to the World Health Organization, the number of T2DM cases in Pakistan will increase from 5.2 million to 13.9 million by 2030. In the Middle East, the prevalence of T2DM is 10:1 higher than that of T1DM (Al Busaidi et al., 2019). This statistic demonstrates that there is a health problem in specific global regions.
The absence of effective diabetes prevention programs and actions has caused a severe change in the course of the illness in the Arab world. The key developments of the past two decades are thought to be responsible for the country’s growing urbanization, unhealthy eating patterns, and lack of physical activity (Al Busaidi et al., 2019). In addition to physical limitations, the Middle Eastern environment makes it difficult to acquire services and healthcare. According to Al Busaidi et al., these countries’ access to wholesome food, healthcare, and stable governments is jeopardized (2019).
New lifestyles, foreign eating practices, and globalization have swept over and produced a significant problem in Northern Africa during the past couple of decades. The African government must begin paying more attention to this epidemic because it is becoming more severe (Desse et al., 2022). More people in Northern Africa now require access to healthcare and drugs due to the rising prevalence of diabetes there. Patients are now liable for more than 75% of the cost of diabetes supplies and prescriptions because the government will not cover the remaining portion due to a lack of funding, access to insulin, alternative treatments, and prevention methods (Desse et al., 2022). Training of diabetes managers, clinical treatment programs, and healthcare access should be prioritized to alter this group drastically (Desse et al., 2022).
While continuing to support those diagnosed with T2DM, the US can continue modest advancements. In contrast to other nations, the US is monitoring trends and taking action to improve its healthcare system through training, teaching, incentive programs, and payment of providers and patients. The US is still working on efforts to lower the gradually rising diabetes rates since prevention strategies are constantly being refined. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is prevalent in the US, yet only around 6.5% of the country’s budget is allocated to its care (ADA, 2018). There is still potential for improvement even though millions of dollars are spent each year on treating and preventing diabetes.
The rationale for the Proposed Change
In the US, deaths from diabetes are now the sixth most significant cause of mortality (CDC.2018). Diabetes is recognized to be related to renal disease, cardiovascular disease, and other conditions that affect the body’s tissue perfusion. Over the past two decades, the age distribution of the US population has been progressively rising (WHO, n.d.). In the past ten years, we have seen more young people and children with T2DM than ever before (WHO, n.d.). Diabetes has an impact on a patient’s mental health in addition to their physical health. According to the CDC (2018), patients with T2DM have a higher incidence of mental health problems.
In terms of managing diabetes and overall health, the United States is well ahead of other nations. There are still interventions that can be improved, even though the US is statistically more advanced and has improved its T2DM rates and associated complications (CDC, 2018). Studies have indicated that in order to enable individuals to self-manage their diabetes, healthcare providers and institutions must prioritize teaching and create incentives. When talking about diabetes, the goal of education and self-management training should be achieving a healthy body weight (Alwin Robert & Al Dawish, 2019). In order to attempt to dispel misconceptions concerning diabetes and treatment, an educational campaign should be launched in healthcare institutions and schools. Starting with motivational training sessions and information may not be adequate to execute a successful reduction in diabetic outcomes (ADA, 2018).
Financial and Health Implications
According to the American Diabetes Association (2018), the cost of diabetes was $327 billion in 2017. Diabetes patients spend, on average, $17,000 annually on medical care. (ADA, 2018). The more financial savings we can achieve for patients and the government, the better we can control and lower the overall statistics related to diabetes. The price of starting diabetes education programs and pushing doctors and nurses to keep learning is still viewed as an improvement (Alwin Robert & Al Dawish, 2019). Patients are substantially less likely to have diabetes problems the more they are deemed managed diabetics (ADA, 2018). Failure to take action to slow the rate of T2DM rise will result in significant consequences to the US.
Conclusion
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is rising every year. A healthy lifestyle will be encouraged via effective diabetes programs and interventions, and patients can exercise self-management of their health. There needs to be a national initiative to lower the prevalence of diabetes worldwide precisely and effectively launch this initiative. Plans for preventing diabetes could show patients the potential for cost-effective opportunities for patients and the government.
References
American Diabetes Association [ADA] (2018). Economic Costs of Diabetes in the U.S. in 2017. Diabetes Care, 41(5), 917–928. Web.
Al Busaidi, N., Shanmugam, P., & Manoharan, D. (2019). Diabetes in the Middle East: Government Health Care Policies and Strategies that Address the Growing Diabetes Prevalence in the Middle East. Current Diabetes Reports, 19(2). Web.
Alwin Robert, A., & Al Dawish, M. A. (2019). Microvascular complications among patients with diabetes: An emerging health problem in Saudi Arabia. Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research, 16(3), 227–235. Web.
Center for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] (2018). New CDC report: More than 100 million Americans have diabetes or pre-diabetes. Web.
Desse, T. A., Namara, K. M., Yifter, H., & Manias, E. (2022). Development of a Complex Intervention for Effective Management of Type 2 Diabetes in a Developing Country. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 11(5), 1149. Web.
Podulka, J. (2022). Ensure that Medicare Beneficiaries have Access to the Successful Diabetes Prevention Program. In healthmanagement.com (Issue Brief #3). Health Management Associates. Web.
World Health Organization. (n.d.). Global Health Observatory (GHO) data. Web.