When it comes to the trustworthiness and validity of the quantitative and qualitative research, it is essential to focus on such concepts as credibility, confirmability, transferability, and dependability. These concepts are manifested in the analysis of the size of sample, representativeness of the sample, soundness of procedures (including the experiment as well as collection and analysis of data). Thus, it is possible to note that the trustworthiness and validity of the research by Alvarado et al. (2006) are not very high. The researchers do not provide a particular size of samples and, hence, it is not clear whether the researcher is reliable enough and meaningful in terms of statistics. The effectiveness of the model provided is still doubtful as more time is necessary to check its efficiency. More so, it is essential to employ it in various settings (different facilities across the country). The researchers also used a few studies to support their assumptions and conclusions.
The study by Evans, Grunawalt, McClish, Wood and Friese (2012) has a higher degree of validity and trustworthiness. The researchers analyze over 60 peer reviewed articles. Only eight articles were selected for closer analysis, but the papers included are based on quite a sound research characterized by a significant sample size, which enables them to draw conclusions concerning the correlation between nurse reporting and patients’ satisfaction. It is noteworthy that a great degree of responsibility still lies on authors of the papers analyzed rather than the researchers who reviewed those papers.
The research by Sand-Jecklin and Sherman (2013) can also be characterized by a significant degree of trustworthiness and validity. The researchers draw their conclusions based on the analysis of a considerable sample size. The researchers also refer to a significant number of previous studies, which shows that the research has a sound background (as it involves the incorporation of a sound knowledge base). The researchers provide particular numbers that support and illustrate the authors’ claims.
Cahill (1998) implements a qualitative study and focuses on patients’ perceptions concerning handovers. The study is valid and trustworthy as it can be characterized by such features as credibility, confirmability, transferability, and dependability. The researcher first provides a brief description of the scope of existing knowledge and describes the methodology used. The sample size is sufficient for qualitative research. The research is also characterized by a certain degree of transferability as the tools used can be applied in different contexts.
Murray, McGrath, and Smith (2013) carried provide an account of a study that can be characterized by a high degree of validity and trustworthiness. The sample size is significant. The researchers provide a detailed description of the methodology they employ, which makes it possible to repeat a similar study to check the results. The researchers also refer to a significant number of previous studies, which increases the validity of the research. More so, the researchers include a brief analysis of the existing literature and reveal some gaps.
The research by Johnson and Cowin (2013) has a significant degree of validity and trustworthiness. The researchers involve a significant number of participants. Johnson and Cowin (2013) also provide a detailed description of their methodology, which makes it easy to use it in a different setting to check the results. It is noteworthy that the methodology used has been commonly used in many qualitative studies. The researchers also refer to a considerable pool of literature on the issue.
Reference List
Alvarado, K., Lee, R., & Christofferson, E., Fran, N., Boblim, S., Poole, N.,… Forsyth, S. (2006). Transfer of accountability: Transforming shift handover to enhance patient safety. Healthcare Quarterly, 9(Special Issue), 75-79.
Cahill, J. (1998). Patient’s perceptions of bedside handovers. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 7, 351-359.
Evans, D., Grunawalt, J., McClish, D., Wood, W., & Friese, CR. (2012). Bedside shift-to-shift nursing report implementation and outcomes. MEDSURG Nursing, 21(5), 281-292.
Johnson, M., & Cowin, L.S. (2013). Nurses discuss bedside handover and using written handover sheets. Journal of Nursing Management, 21(1), 121-129. Web.
Murray, M.S., McGrath, J., & Smith, M.F. (2013). Understanding the clinical handoff perspective of pediatric emergency nurses. Pediatric Nursing, 39(5), 243-248.
Sand-Jecklin, K., & Sherman, J. (2013). Incorporating bedside report into nursing handoff: Evaluation of change in practice. Journal of Nursing Care Quality, 28(2), 186-194.