Introduction
The social environment in which an individual or family exists can influence their health. In this regard, it is important to consider the social determinants of health, which show the conditions in which people live and directly impact a person’s moral and physical condition. This article will present an analysis of the assessment of a family interview that assessed various models of functional health. It will include the identification of the social determinants of health and advice on screening based on age and gender. In addition, a functional health model will be considered here as a basis for creating an action plan to address identified health problems in the family. Thus, to improve the health of the family it is necessary to develop a health promotion plan.
Social Determinants of Health
Factors influencing health are determined not only by biological factors or access to quality medical care. The social determinants of health have an important place in the development of a healthy population and can sometimes have an even greater impact on the health of members of society (Daniel et al., 2018). Tim’s family consists of two adults, about 30 years old, and two children, 8 and 10 years old. The health of the population is also influenced by resources that improve the quality of life. For the analyzed family it considers safe and affordable housing, community safety, availability of healthy food, local emergency/health services, the environment, and cultural support. The main social determinant affecting Tim’s family health is stress, which the family says is caused by busy schedules and work demands.
Age Appropriate Screening for Each Family Member
Although the family adheres to a healthy lifestyle, preventive examinations are important, which differ depending on age and gender. That is justified by the fact that each person, from birth to death, goes through different stages of body development (Edelman & Kudzma, 2022). Annual screening is recommended, including for those who feel healthy or have only general health complaints such as occasional stress or sleep problems. It helps to prevent the development and diagnose diseases at an early stage.
Parents, a married couple aged approximately 30 years, are recommended to undergo a full check-up every 2 years. It is a comprehensive examination of the body to timely detect possible diseases of the cardiovascular system, kidney disease, and diabetes (George et al., 2022). During such an examination, the patient’s general health is determined, as well as the risks of developing various diseases. Women must pay attention to their reproductive health since many pathologies begin and proceed without pronounced symptoms while causing irreparable harm to health. To examine the body for the presence of underlying diseases, it is enough for a man to visit a therapist and a urologist.
During preventive examinations of children, the doctor checks for signs of certain diseases, and general health and development. This screening allows early detection of illnesses, disabilities, or developmental delays and the initiation of treatment and targeted support (Sokol et al., 2019). They also provide vaccination advice and check vaccination status. If necessary, the doctor may recommend contacting other consultation centers.
Assessment of Health Model
The functional medicine model is a patient-centered, evidence-based, and fully personalized approach to treatment selection. According to a survey conducted with the family, it was found that work stress is the main cause of deterioration in the condition of family members (Functional Medicine, 2022). Communication strategies within this model are focused on patients. The practitioner asks leading questions to discover the problem within the body and a possible external trigger. Physicians also answer questions from patients and provide moral support. They may find that one condition has many different causes, and in the same way, one cause can lead to many different conditions. The sleep problems common in Tim’s family are caused by stress, so the emphasis should be on improving the quality of sleep and reducing or controlling stress.
Application of Health Model
The emotional state of a person and sleep are closely related. Sleep restriction contributes to the development of emotional stress, which is the main cause of sleep disturbance (Straub & Cutolo, 2018). To restore sleep patterns, both non-drug and drug methods are used. Non-drug methods include compliance with sleep hygiene, psychotherapeutic techniques, and physiotherapy (Straub & Cutolo, 2018). It allows one to form the correct stereotype of behavior that improves the quality of sleep. Drug methods are used in case of prolonged insomnia or a high-stress level. Since the family reported intermittent work problems, medication is unnecessary.
Conclusion
The submitted paper developed a plan to improve family health. Sometimes, when experiencing work stress in the family, there are problems with sleep. Normal physiological sleep is the most important anti-stress factor that determines performance and fatigue, and at the initial stage, it can be achieved by observing sleep hygiene. Thus, the goals were achieved through a detailed understanding of the individual lifestyle factors of patients.
References
Daniel, H., Bornstein, S. S., & Kane, G. C. (2018). Addressing social determinants to improve patient care and promote health equity: An American College of Physicians Position Paper. Annals of Internal Medicine, 168(8), 577. Web.
Edelman, C., & Kudzma, E. C. (2022). Health promotion: Throughout the life span. Elsevier.
Functional medicine: IFM. (2022). The Institute for Functional Medicine. Web.
George, C., Echouffo-Tcheugui, J. B., Jaar, B. G., Okpechi, I. G., & Kengne, A. P. (2022). The need for screening, early diagnosis, and prediction of chronic kidney disease in people with diabetes in low- and middle-income countries—a review of the current literature. BMC Medicine, 20(1). Web.
Sokol, R., Austin, A., Chandler, C., Byrum, E., Bousquette, J., Lancaster, C., Doss, G., Dotson, A., Urbaeva, V., Singichetti, B., Brevard, K., Wright, S. T., Lanier, P., & Shanahan, M. (2019). Screening children for social determinants of health: A systematic review. Pediatrics, 144(4). Web.
Straub, R. H., & Cutolo, M. (2018). Psychoneuroimmunology — developments in stress research. Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift, 168(3-4), 76–84. Web.