Research is needed to determine whether lifestyle and nutrition influence the development of breast cancer among black women. The analysis and interpretation of the results are based on several scientific principles that need to be considered in more detail. First of all, the most effective tool is comparative analysis, namely the compilation of characteristics of the black and white population. This allows identifying both the features of the body depending on the race, and to determine the most relevant trends. Since the risk group is a woman, it is necessary to consider the statistics among them, which narrows the scope of data research (Palmer et al., 2021). The next important method is establishing causal relationships in the field of breast cancer. It is this approach that is able to point to a direct correlation between nutrition and lifestyle and disease.
Finally, it must be emphasized that the principles of evidence based medicine are a vital strategy here. In this case, this is especially appropriate, since the scientific study of breast cancer allows establishing specific and objective reasons that researcher will not go down the wrong path. Thus, the combination of all the above tools makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the results obtained and provides an opportunity to check their objectivity (Mahmoud & Tayyem, 2020). Moreover, it is necessary to note the analysis of scientific literature, which formed the basis for the study of the topic.
First of all, the main principle of data collection was the linking of the disease to the risk group. Since the study group is black women, the literature was selected according to this criterion. Other important factors should be allocated approximately the same period of research time (Parada Jr et al., 2019). This allows highlighting both the contradictions in the works and find common data that can be used as a starting point (Shoemaker et al., 2018). Among other things, data meant not only numerical indicators, such as the percentage of citizens or the number of cases, but medical information. It included the calculation of leukocytes, erythrocytes and cancer cells, as well as information about the general health of the patient (Shoemaker et al., 2018). This method is especially appropriate, since patients often have a set of diseases, but not only cancer. In this case, it is important to establish the correct symptoms and causes that will not correlate with other diseases. Such a detailed study significantly reduced the risk of misconceptions.
However, a number of discrepancies and contradictions were found in the analyzed sources. First of all, some articles and researchers note nutrition as the main factor influencing the recession or the development of cancer. At the same time, other works highlight the lifestyle, which includes stress, bad habits, promiscuity and low income as the main prerequisites for the onset of the disease (Iacoviello et al., 2021). Such a difference in the results does not allow asserting that any study is wrong, but it forces to look for the most correct conclusions (Bandera, et al., 2021). This can only be done with a complete compilation of all conclusions, as well as their subsequent interpretation.
In other words, in order to combine differences and inconsistencies, it is necessary to take into account both points of view and derive a new result from them. Among other things, a source from an alternative point of view was found, stating that the prerequisites for cancer are, first of all, genetic and age indicators (Shoemaker et al., 2018). It is noteworthy that this work ignores the contribution of lifestyle and nutrition to the development of cancer (Shoemaker et al., 2018). This allows making the most objective conclusion, which takes into account the fact that both analyzed indicators affect the disease, but are not the only and key ones.
References
Bandera, E. V., Alfano, C. M., Qin, B., Kang, D. W., Friel, C. P., & Dieli-Conwright, C. M. (2021). Harnessing nutrition and physical activity for breast cancer prevention and control to reduce racial/ethnic cancer health disparities. American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book, 41, 62-78.
Iacoviello, L., Bonaccio, M., de Gaetano, G., & Donati, M. B. (2021). Epidemiology of breast cancer, a paradigm of the “common soil” hypothesis. In Seminars in cancer biology, Academic Press, 72, 4-10. Web.
Mahmoud, R. I., & Tayyem, R. F. (2020). Dietary and Lifestyle Factors and Breast Cancer Risk. Current Nutrition & Food Science, 16(3), 251-259. Web.
Palmer, J. R., Zirpoli, G., Bertrand, K. A., Battaglia, T., Bernstein, L., Ambrosone, C. B. & Trinquart, L. (2021). A validated risk prediction model for breast cancer in US Black Women. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 39(34), 3866-3877. Web.
Parada Jr, H., Sun, X., Tse, C. K., Olshan, A. F., & Troester, M. A. (2019). Lifestyle patterns and survival following breast cancer in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study. Epidemiology, 30(1), 83. Web.
Shoemaker, M. L., White, M. C., Wu, M., Weir, H. K., & Romieu, I. (2018). Differences in breast cancer incidence among young women aged 20–49 years by stage and tumor characteristics, age, race, and ethnicity, 2004–2013. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 169(3), 595-606. Web.